Python Module: inspect

Always the first thing:

import inspect

Case 1: 

To know what arguments in one function.

use inspect.getargspec(functionName)

it will return a tuple type object, the first item contains a list of arguments of this function.

Example:

def myFunc(arg1, arg2, arg3):
    pass
inspect.getargspec(myFunc)[0]
#Result: ['arg1', 'arg2', 'arg3']

Case 2:

To find what members(functions, methods, classes) inside a module,

use following codes:

Example:

# get functions in a module
inspect.getmembers(ModuleName, predicate=inspect.isfunction)

# get classes in a module
inspect.getmembers(ModuleName, predicate=inspect.isclass)

# get methods in a class
inspect.getmembers(ClassName, predicate=inspect.ismethod)

# get built-in methods in a class
inspect.getmembers(ClassName, predicate=inspect.isbuiltin)

Case 3:

those will return a list of tuples.

For each tuple, first item is the name of the member, second item is its memory address.

Example:

import os

# get modules in os
inspect.getmembers(os, predicate = inspect.ismodule)

# get functions in os
inspect.getmembers(os, predicate=inspect.isfunction)

# get classes in os
inspect.getmembers(os, predicate=inspect.isclass)

# get built-in methods in os
inspect.getmembers(os, predicate=inspect.isbuiltin)

# get methods in a class in os
# get the a class
class = inspect.getmembers(os, predicate=inspect.isclass)[1][1]
inspect.getmembers(class, predicate=inspect.ismethod)

Case 4:

To find the class inherit tree hierarchy by inspect.getclasstree([ClassName, ClassName, ...])

it will return a list of all parents of each class.

Example:

# get two classes in os
firstClass = inspect.getmembers(os, predicate=inspect.isclass)[0][1]
secondClass = inspect.getmembers(os, predicate=inspect.isclass)[1][1]

inspect.getclasstree([firstClass, secondClass])